Although Poland has managed to maintain high growth levels since the mid-1990s, with the second-best performance in the OECD in 2006-07, territorial disparities are persistent and rising, especially between large urban areas and rural ones. Like many OECD countries, Poland must seek to achieve an appropriate balance between support for poles of growth and the development of lagging regions, particularly its eastern peripheral regions, which are among the poorest in the European Union. This report explores the various challenges and opportunities for Polish regional development policy, and provides recommendations to best design and implement the policy mix, looking in particular at governance challenges.
Education at a Glance: OECD Indicators is the authoritative source for accurate and relevant information on the state of education around the world. It provides data on the structure, finances, and performance of education systems in the OECD's 34 member countries, as well as a number of partner countries.
Higher level vocational education and training (VET) programmes are facing rapid change and intensifying challenges. What type of training is needed to meet the needs of changing economies? How should the programmes be funded? How should they be linked to academic and university programmes? How can employers and unions be engaged? The country reports in this series look at these and other questions. They form part of Skills beyond School, the OECD policy review of postsecondary vocational education and training. This report reviews vocational education and training systems in Costa Rica.
Education at a Glance 2013: Highlights summarises the OECD's flagship compendium of education statistics, Education at a Glance. It provides easily accessible data on key topics in education today, including:- Education levels and student numbers: How far have adults studied, and how does early childhood education affect student performance later on?- Higher education and work: How many young people graduate from tertiary education, and how easily do they enter the world of work?- Economic and social benefits of education: How does education affect people's job prospects, and what is its impact on incomes?- Paying for education: What share of public spending goes on education, and what is the role of private spending?- The school environment: How many hours do teachers work, and how does class size vary?
Les travaux de recherche montrent qu'en matière d'éducation et d'accueil des jeunes enfants, c'est la qualité qui prime. Les pays sont de plus en plus nombreux à mettre en place des mécanismes de suivi pour veiller à la qualité et à la transparence de ces programmes. Cette nouvelle publication examine comment les pays peuvent mettre au point et exploiter de tels mécanismes pour améliorer la qualité des services et du personnel dans l'intérêt du développement de l'enfant. Elle dresse un tableau international de la situation et fournit des exemples concrets pour aider les responsables de l'élaboration des politiques, les spécialistes du suivi et les professionnels de l'éducation à définir leurs propres pratiques et stratégies de suivi.
While enrolment in tertiary education has increased dramatically over the past decades, many university-aged students do not enrol, nor do they expect to earn a university degree. While it is important to promote high expectations for further education, it is equally important to ensure that students' expectations are well-aligned with their actual abilities. Grade Expectations: How Marks and Education Policies Shape Students' Ambitions reveals some of the factors that influence students' thinking about further education. The report also suggests what teachers and education policy makers can do to ensure that more students have the skills, as well as the motivation, to succeed in higher education.
In 2009, students in 21 PISA-participating countries and economies were asked about their expected educational attainment. An analysis of PISA data finds that students who expect to earn a university degree show significantly better performance in math and reading when compared to students who do not expect to earn such a university degree. However, performance is only one of the factors that determine expectations.
What does the OECD have to say about the state of education today? What are the main OECD messages on early childhood education, teacher policies and tertiary education? What about student performance, educational spending and equity in education? OECD work on these important education topics and others have been brought together in a single accessible source updating the first edition of Education Today which came out in March 2009.
Higher level vocational education and training (VET) programmes are facing rapid change and intensifying challenges. What type of training is needed to meet the needs of changing economies? How should the programmes be funded? How should they be linked to academic and university programmes? How can employers and unions be engaged? This report synthesises the findings of the series of country reports done on skills beyond school.
Regards sur l'éducation 2014 : Panorama offre une version résumée du recueil phare de statistiques sur l'éducation de l'OCDE, Regards sur l'éducation. Cet ouvrage présente des données facilement accessibles sur tous les thèmes clés intéressant l'éducation de nos jours, notamment : Les niveaux d'enseignement et les effectifs scolarisés : quel niveau d'études les adultes ont-ils atteint, et quel est l'impact de l'éducation pré primaire sur la suite de leurs études ? Enseignement supérieur et vie active : combien de jeunes sont diplômés de l'enseignement supérieur, et avec quel succès passent-ils de la formation à la vie active ? Les avantages économiques et sociaux de l'éducation : comment l'éducation influe-t-elle sur les perspectives d'emploi de la population, et quel est son impact sur les revenus ? Le financement de l'éducation : quelle part de leur budget les États consacrent-ils à l'éducation, et quel est le rôle des sources de financement privées ? L'environnement scolaire : combien d'heures les enseignants travaillent-ils, et dans quelle fourchette les effectifs des classes varient-ils ?
This report compares the performance of 15-year-olds in the United States in PISA against the global patterns and trends. But it goes beyond the aggregate level analysis that have so far been published in the PISA 2012 reports, to give analysis of student performance on individual mathematics test items in order to reveal students' strengths and weaknesses. Considering this also in the context of the relationship between PISA and the Common Core Standards for Mathematics can help connect these results to what the United States aspires to teach in classrooms and help inform teaching practices that can support performance improvement.
The OECD Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) examines not just what students know in mathematics, reading and science, but what they can do with what they know. This is the first of six volumes that present the results of the 2012 PISA survey, the fifth round of the triennial assessment. It summarises the performance in mathematics, reading and science of students in PISA 2012. This revised edition corrects erroneous data for Belgium that appered in the previous edition.
Les politiques industrielles dans un monde en mutation, troisième édition des Perspectives du développement mondial, examine les opportunités et les défis que la nouvelle géographie de la production et de l´innovation représente pour les pays en développement.
Comptes nationaux des pays de l'OCDE : Volume IV, Comptes des administrations publiques est une publication annuelle de l'OCDE, consacrée aux finances publiques et basée sur le Système de Comptabilité Nationale 1993 (SCN 1993). La publication comprend des tableaux avec les agrégats et les soldes des administrations publiques pour les comptes de production, de revenu et les comptes financiers. Elle comprend également les recettes détaillées d'impôts et de cotisations sociales ainsi que la ventilation des dépenses des administrations publiques par fonction, selon la classification harmonisée au niveau international CFAP. Ces comptes détaillés sont disponibles pour le secteur des administrations publiques avec, dans la mesure du possible, le détail par sous-secteur : administration centrale, administration d'états fédérés, administrations locales, administrations de sécurité sociale. Cette édition couvre 29 des 30 pays de l'OCDE. Les données sont présentés en monnaie nationale et couvrent les années 1995 à 2006.
The rapidly growing demand for highly skilled workers has led to a global competition for talent. While basic competencies are important for the absorption of new technologies, high-level skills are critical for the creation of new knowledge, technologies and innovation. The OECD's Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) has taken an innovative approach to examining educational excellence, by directly assessing students' knowledge, skills and attitudes and exploring how these relate to the characteristics of individual students, schools and education systems. Based on PISA survey results, this report examines who the highest performing students are, what the characteristics of the schools they attend are, to what extent they engage in science related activities outside of school, what their motivations and attitudes towards science are, and what their career intentions are.
Tables des matières:
Foreword Executive Summary Reader's Guide Chapter 1. Excellence in Science Performance Chapter 2. Students Who Excel Chapter 3. Experiences, Attitudes and Motivations for Excellence References Appendix A. Data Tables Appendix B. Standard Errors, Significance Tests and Subgroup Comparisons
The OECD's PISA 2006 assessment of the science competencies of 15-year-olds offers the first comprehensive and internationally comparative knowledge base of students' knowledge about the environment and environment-related issues. Green at Fifteen? presents an analysis of this knowledge base, including information on the sources of students' awareness of environmental science, their attitudes towards the environment and how these attitudes interrelate with their performance in environmental science.
Tables des matières:
Foreword Overview Readers's Guide Chapter 1. PISA 2006 and Students' Performance in Environmental Science and Geoscience Chapter 2. Profile of Student Performance in Environmental Science and Geoscience Chapter 3. Making Connections and Taking Responsibility Chapter 4. Learning about Environmental Science and Geoscience References Appendix A. Data Tables Appendix B. Technical Notes
This book uses PISA data to show that a substantial proportion of students in OECD countries now attend schools that have high degrees of autonomy in different areas of decision making. But effective school autonomy depends on effective leaders, including system leaders, principals, teacher leaders, senior teachers, and head teachers, as well as strong support systems. That, in turn, requires well-distributed leadership, new types of training and development for school leaders, and appropriate support and incentives.
Les compétences jouent un rôle clé dans la prospérité économique et sociale. Il apparaît donc essentiel pour tous les pays de comprendre comment elles évoluent au fil du temps. La publication Apprendre au-delà de l'âge de quinze ans s'intéresse plus particulièrement au développement des compétences en compréhension de l'écrit durant la transition de l'adolescence à l'âge adulte. Elle explore les résultats d'une étude unique menée au Canada qui combine des données de l'enquête PISA, d'une enquête longitudinale - l'Enquête auprès des jeunes en transition (EJET) - et d'une réévaluation des compétences en compréhension de l'écrit neuf ans après la première évaluation des élèves dans le cadre de l'enquête PISA.
Les résultats indiquent une amélioration importante des compétences en compréhension de l'écrit chez tous les jeunes Canadiens entre l'âge de 15 et 24 ans, et soulignent l'importance de la flexibilité des systèmes d'éducation. Grâce aux programmes de seconde chance permettant de reprendre les études, même les élèves qui affichaient un faible niveau de performance à l'âge de 15 ans peuvent ainsi acquérir les compétences nécessaires à leur réussite sur le marché du travail.
Les revêtements à longue durée de vie peuvent diminuer les coûts d'entretien des réseaux routiers de manière significative, et ceci en y incluant les pertes de temps causées par ces travaux pour les usagers, notamment sur les routes encombrées à fort trafic. Ces revêtements ont recours à de nouveaux matériaux qui sont plus coûteux que l'asphalte et qui requièrent des traitements spécifiques. Ce rapport présente les résultats d'une recherche collective destinée à évaluer le potentiel technique et économique des revêtements à longue durée de vie les plus prometteurs et propose à l'intention des gouvernements une façon de peser les risques et avantages liés à l'introduction de tels revêtements sur les routes à fort trafic.
This 2008 edition of Education at a Glance: OECD Indicators provides a rich, comparable and up-to-date array of indicators on the performance of education systems in OECD countries and represents the consensus of professional thinking on how to measure the current state of education internationally. The indicators look at who participates in education, what is spent on it and how education systems operate and at the results achieved. The latter includes indicators on a wide range of outcomes, from comparisons of students' performance in key subject areas to the impact of education on earnings and on adults' chances of employment.
New material in this edition includes: entry rates in tertiary education by field of study; data on the skills of 15-year-olds in science; an analysis of the socio-economic background of 15-year-olds and the role of their parents; data on the extent to which the socio-economic status of parents affects students' participation in higher education; data on the returns to education; data on the governance of higher education institutions; an analysis of efficiency in the use of resources; data on evaluations and assessments within education systems; and a comparison of the levels of decision-making in education across countries Excel® spreadsheets used to create the tables and charts in this book are available via the StatLinks printed in this book. The tables and charts, as well as the complete OECD Online Education Database, are freely available via the OECD Education website at www.oecd.org/edu/eag2008.
